Frances Dauster, CPDT, is a trainer in Alabama, USA,
Frances volunteered her own arm to experience the immediate sensations
& also any lingering after-effects of a shock-collar; BEAR IN MIND that she
is controlling the intensity, duration, & timing - none of those 3 factors are
under the control of a dog, who wears a shock-collar.
The 'startle factor' & the superstitious association of whatever seems most
salient to the dog, are both potent influences on side-effects of shock when
used as an interruptor, punisher, or a training tool.